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FAN5602
Universal (Step-Up/Step-Down) Charge Pump Regulated DC/DC Converter
Features
* Low Noise Constant Frequency Operation at Heavy Load * High Efficiency Pulse-Skip (PFM) Operation at Light Load * Adaptive Seven Switch Configurations (1:3, 1:2, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 2:1, 3:1) * 92% Peak Efficiency * Input Voltage Range: 2.7V to 5.5V * Output Current:3.3V, 200mA at VIN = 3.6V * 3% Output Voltage Accuracy * ICC < 1A in Shutdown Mode * 1MHz Operating Frequency * Shutdown Isolates Output from Input * Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current at Start-up * Short Circuit and Over Temperature Protection * Minimum External Component Count * No Inductors
Description
The FAN5602 is a universal switched capacitor DC/DC converter capable of step-up or step-down operation. Due to its unique adaptive fractional switching topology, the device achieves high efficiency over a wider input/output voltage range than any of its predecessors. The FAN5602 utilizes resistance modulated loop control, which produces lower switching noise than other topologies. Depending upon actual load conditions, the device automatically switches between constant frequency and pulse skipping (PFM) modes of operation in order to extend battery life. The FAN5602 produces a fixed regulated output within the range of 2.7V to 5.5V from any type of voltage source. High efficiency is achieved under any input/output voltage conditions because an internal logic circuitry automatically reconfigures the system to the best possible topology. Only two 1F bucket capacitors and one 10F output capacitor are needed. During power on soft start circuitry prevents excessive current drawn from the supply. The device is protected against short circuit and over temperature conditions. The FAN5602 is available with 3.3V, 4.5V, and 5.0V output voltage. Any other output voltage option within the 1.5V to 5V range is available upon request. The FAN5602 is available in 8-lead MSOP and 3x3mm 8-lead MLP packages
Applications
* * * * * * Cell Phones Handheld Computers Portable RF Communication Equipment Core Supply to Low Power Processors Low Voltage DC Bus DSP Supplies
Typical Application
Input 2.7V to 5.5V VIN
1
CIN CB
C2C2+
ENABLE
2 3 4
FAN5602
8 6 7 5
C1+
VOUT
COUT
GND
C1-
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Pin Assignment
TOP VIEW
VIN C2+ C2GND
1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5
ENABLE C1+ VOUT C1-
VIN C2+ C2GND
ENABLE C1+ VOUT C1-
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP FAN5602
8-Lead MSOP
Pin Description
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pin Name VIN C2+ C2GND C1VOUT C1+ ENABLE Supply Voltage Input Bucket Capacitor2 Positive Connection Bucket Capacitor2 Negative Connection Ground Bucket Capacitor1 Negative Connection Regulated Output Voltage. Bypass this pin with 10F ceramic low ESR capacitor. Bucket Capacitor1 Positive Connection Enable Input. Logic high enables the chip and logic low disables the chip, reducing the supply current to less than 1A. Do not float this pin. Pin Description
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Parameter VIN,VOUT, ENABLE Voltage to GND Voltage at C1+, C1-, C2+, and C2- to GND Power Dissipation Lead Soldering Temperature (10 seconds) Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection (Note 2) HBM CDM -55 2 2 Min -0.3 -0.3 Typ Max 6.0 VIN + 0.3 Internally Limited 300 150 150 C C C kV Unit V V
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter Input Voltage Load Current (Note 3) VIN < 2V 3.3V, VIN = 3.6V 4.5 & 5.0V, VIN = 3.6V Ambient Temperature -40 Conditions Min 1.8 Typ Max 5.5 30 200 100 85 Unit V mA mA mA C
Notes: 1. Operation beyond the absolute maximum rating may cause permanent damage to device. 2. Using Mil Std. 883E, method 3015.7(Human Body Model) and EIA/JESD22C101-A (Charge Device Model). 3. Refer to "load Current Capability vs Input Voltage" in "Typical Performance Characteristics".
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
DC Electrical Characteristics
VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V, C1 = C2 = 1F, CIN = COUT = 10F, ENABLE = VIN, TA = -40 C to +85 C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = 25C. Parameter Input Undervoltage Lockout Output Voltage, VOUT Quiescent Current VIN 0.75 x VNOM, 0mA < ILOAD < 100mA VIN 1.1 x VNOM, ILOAD = 0mA Conditions Min. 1.5 Typ. 1.7 Max. 2.2 Units V V A
0.97 x VNOM VNOM 1.03 x VNOM 100 300
Off Mode Supply Current Output Short-circuit Current Efficiency
ENABLE = GND VOUT < 150mV VIN = 0.85 x VNOM, ILOAD = 30mA VIN = 1.1 x VNOM, ILOAD = 30mA 3.3V 4.5V, 5.0V 3.3V 4.5V, 5.0V 0.7
0.1
1 200
A mA % %
75 80 90 92 1.0 145 15 1.5 0.5 1.3
Oscillator Frequency Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Threshold Hysteresis ENABLE Logic Input High Voltage, VIH ENABLE Logic Input Low Voltage, VIL ENABLE Input Bias Current VOUT Turn On Time
TA = 25C
MHz C C V V A mS
ENABLE = VIN or GND VIN = 0.9 x VNOM, ILOAD =0mA, 10% to 90% VIN = 2.5V ILOAD = 200mA
-1 0.5
1
VOUT Ripple
10
mVpp
4
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Typical Performance Characteristics
TA = 25C, VOUT = 4.5V unless otherwise noted.
Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage
180 160
80 70
Shutdown Current vs Input Voltage
Quiescent Current (mA)
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5
Shutdown Current (nA)
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
Line Regulation
4.55
Efficiency vs Input Voltage
100 90
4.50
Output Voltage (V)
4.45
Efficiency
ILOAD = 100mA Vout = 4.5V
80 70 60 50 40 30
Load Current = 10mA Load Current = 50mA Load Current = 100mA Load Current = 150mA
4.40
4.35
4.30 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
20 2.500
3.000
3.500
4.000
4.500
5.000
5.500
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage
Load Regulation
4.6 4.5
Output Current Capability vs Input Voltage
700.0 600.0
Output Voltage (V)
Load Current (mA)
Vin = 3.6V
4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0 1 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
500.0 400.0 300.0 200.0 100.0 0.0 2 2.5 3
VOUT < 10% VOUT < 3%
3.5
4
4.5
5
Load Currrent (mA)
Input Voltage (V)
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25C, VOUT = 4.5V unless otherwise noted.
Output Voltage vs Ambient Temperture
4.5 Load Current = 10mA 4.5
Output Voltage vs Input Voltage
5
Output Voltage (V)
Output Voltage (V)
6
4.45
4 3.5 3 2.5 2 2 3 4 5
Load Current = 10mA Load Current = 50mA Load Current = 100mA Load Current = 150mA Load Current = 200mA
4.4
4.35
4.3 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Input Voltage (V)
Ambient Temperature (C)
Peak Efficiency vs Load Current
80 1.4 1.3 75
Enable Threshold vs Input Voltage
Efficiency (%)
70
Enable (V)
Vin = 3.6V
1.2 1.1 1 0.9
65
60 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
0.8 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
Load Current (mA)
Input Voltage (V)
Mode Change Threshold and Hysteresis
5.5
Mode Change Threshold (V)
Mode 1
5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 0 50 100 150 200
Mode 4 Mode 3 Mode 2
Load Current (mA)
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25C, VOUT = 3.3V unless otherwise noted.
Load Transient Response (LDO Mode) Load Transient Response (2:3 Mode)
VIN = 3.0V
Output Voltage
(50mV/div)
(50mV/div)
VIN = 3.7V COUT = 5F TA = 25C
Output Voltage
COUT = 5F TA = 25C
Load Current
(100mA/div)
Load Current
Time (10s/div)
(100mA/div)
Time (10s/div)
Load Transient Response (1:2 Mode)
Output Voltage
VIN = 2.5V, TA = 25C COUT = 5F
Enable Delay
Output Voltage Enable
(50mV/div)
Load Current
(100mA/div)
Time (10s/div)
(2.00 V/d)
(2.00 V/d)
Time (400s/div)
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25C, CIN = COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 4.5V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple Output Ripple
Iout = 200 mA Vin = 2.5 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div)
Iout = 200 mA Vin = 3.0 Output Ripple (20 mV/div) Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 200 mA Vin = 3.6 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div)
Iout = 200 mA Vin = 4.2 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div) Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 250 mA Vin = 2.5 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div) Output Ripple (20 mV/div)
Iout = 250 mA Vin = 3.0 V
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25C, CIN = COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 4.5V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple Output Ripple
Iout = 250 mA Vin = 3.6 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div) Output Ripple (20 mV/div)
Iout = 250 mA Vin = 4.2 V
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 300 mA Vin = 2.5 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div) Output Ripple (20 mV/div)
Iout = 300 mA Vin = 3.0 V
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 300 mA Vin = 3.6 V Output Ripple (20 mV/div) Output Ripple (20 mV/div)
Iout = 300 mA Vin = 4.2 V
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Block Diagram
ENABLE VIN C1C1+
BAND GAP VOUT
FB SOFT START BG
ERROR AMP
EN
Heavy Load
CURRENT SENSE Light load FB PFM BG EN
S W I T C H
C2+
REF CONTROL LOGIC VIN MODE DRIVER
150mV VOUT SC
A R R A Y
C2-
1.6V VIN UVLO OSCILLATOR VIN VOUT GND
Functional Description
FAN5602 is a high efficiency and low noise switched-capacitor DC/DC converter and is capable of both step-up and step-down operations. It has seven built-in switch configurations. Based on the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage the FAN5602 automatically reconfigures the switches to achieve the highest efficiency. The regulation of the output is achieved by a linear regulation loop, which modulates the on-resistance of the power transistors so that the amount of charge transferred from the input to the flying capacitor at each clock cycle is controlled and is equal to the charge needed by the load. The current spike is reduced to minimum. At light load the FAN5602 automatically switches to PFM mode to save power. The regulation at PFM mode is achieved by skipping pulses.
Linear Regulation Loop
The FAN5602 operates at constant frequency at load higher than 10mA. The linear regulation loop consisting of power transistors, feedback (resistor divider) and error amplifier is used to realize the regulation of the output voltage and to reduce the current spike. The error amplifier takes feedback and reference as inputs and generates the error voltage signal. The error voltage signal is then used as the gate voltage of the power transistor and modulates the on-resistance of the power transistor and therefore the charge transferred from the input to the output is controlled and the regulation of the output is realized. Since the charge transfer is controlled, the FAN5602 has small ESR spike.
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Switch Array
TOP C1+ S1A S2A C1 S3A C1S5 TOP S1A
S1A S2A MID GND
C1+ C1 C1-
C1+
MID S3B S4B C1-
C2
Figure. 1a Mode1(1:1)
GND Figure. 1b Mode2 (2:3 or 3:2): All Switches set for phase 1 and reverse state for phase 2 TOP
TOP
C1+
S1A S2A
S1B S2B MID
C2+
C1+
S1A S2A S2B
C2+
C1 S3A C1S4A
C2
C1
MID
C2 S3B
S3B S4B C2C1S4A S5
S4B
C2-
GND Figure. 1c Mode3 (1:2 or 2:1): All Switches set for phase 1 and reverse state for phase 2 Figure. 1d Mode4 (1:3 or 3:1): All Switches set for phase 1 and reverse state for phase 2
Switch Configurations
The FAN5602 has seven built-in switch configurations including 1:1, 3:2, 2:1 and 3:1 for step-down and 2:3, 1:2 and 1:3 for step-up. When 1.5 x VOUT > VIN > VOUT, 1:1 mode shown in Fig. 1(a) is used. In this mode the internal oscillator is turned off. The power transistors connecting the input and the output become pass transistors and their gate voltages are controlled by the linear regulation loop, the rest of power transistors are turned off. In this mode the FAN5602 operates exactly like a low dropout (LDO) regulator and the ripple of the output is in the micro-volt range.
When 1.5 x VOUT > VIN > VOUT, 2:3 mode (step-up) shown in Fig. 1(b) is used. In the charging phase two flying capacitors are placed in series and each capacitor is charged to a half of the input voltage. In pumping phase the flying capacitors are placed in parallel. The input is connected to the bottom the capacitors so that the top of the capacitors is boosted to a voltage equals VIN/2 + VIN, i.e., 3/2 x VIN. By connecting the top of the capacitors to the output, one can ideally charge the output to 3/2 x VIN. If 3/2 x VIN is higher than the needed VOUT, the linear regulation loop will adjust the onresistance to drop some voltage. Boosting the voltage of the top of the capacitors to 3/2 x VIN by connecting VIN the bottom of the capacitors boosts the power efficiency 3/2 times. In 2:3 mode the ideal power efficiency is VOUT/1.5 x VIN (For example, if VIN = 2V, VOUT = 2 x VIN = 4V, the ideal power efficiency is 100%).
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
When 2 x VIN > VOUT > 1.5 x VIN, 1:2 mode (step-up) shown in Fig. 1(c) is used. Both in the charging phase and in pumping phase two flying capacitors are placed in parallel. In charging phase the capacitors are charged to the input voltage. In the pumping phase the input voltage is placed to the bottom the capacitors. The top of the capacitors is boosted to 2 x VIN. By connecting the top of the capacitors to the output, one can ideally charge the output to 2 x VIN. Boosting the voltage on the top of the capacitors to 2Vin boosts the power efficiency 2 times. In 1:2 mode the ideal power efficiency is VOUT/2 x VIN (For example, VIN = 2V, VOUT = 2 x VIN = 4V, the ideal power efficiency is 100%). When 3 x VIN > VOUT > 2 x VIN, 1:3 mode (step-up) shown in Fig. 1(d) is used. In charging phase two flying capacitors are placed in parallel and each is charged to VIN. In the pumping phase the two flying capacitors are placed in series and the input is connected to the bottom of the series connected capacitors. The top of the series connected capacitors is boosted to 3 x VIN. The ideal power efficiency is boosted 3 times and is equal to VOUT/3VIN (For example, VIN = 1V, VOUT = 3 x VIN = 3V, the ideal power efficiency is 100%). By connecting the output to the top of the series connected capacitors, one can charge the output to 3 x VIN. The internal logic in the FAN5602 monitors the input and the output and compares them and automatically selects the switch configuration to achieve the highest efficiency. The step-down modes 3:2, 2:1 and 3:1 can be understood by reversing the function of VIN and VOUT in the above discussion. The reason for built-in so many modes is to improve power efficiency and to extend the battery life. For example, if VOUT = 5V, mode 1:2 needs a minimum VIN = 2.5V. By built-in 1:3 mode, the minimum battery voltage is extended to 1.7V.
constant frequency to pulse-skipping mode (PFM) for modes 2:3(3:2), 1:2(2:1) and 1:3(3:1) except mode 1:1. In PFM mode the linear loop is disabled and the error amplifier is turned off. A PFM comparator is used to setup an upper threshold and a lower threshold for the output. When the output is lower than the lower threshold, the oscillator is turned on and the charge pump starts working and keeps delivering charges from the input to the output until the output is higher than the upper threshold. Then shut off the oscillator, shut off power transistors and deliver the charge to the output from the output capacitor. PFM operation is not used for Mode 1:1 even if at light load. Mode 1:1 in the FAN5602 is designed as a LDO with the oscillator off. The power transistors at LDO mode are not switching and therefore do not have the dynamic loss. Switching from linear operation to PFM mode (ILOAD<10mA) and from PFM to linear mode (ILOAD>10mA) is automatic based on the load current, which is monitored all the time.
Short Circuit
When the output voltage is lower than 150mV, the FAN5602 enters short circuit condition. In this condition all power transistors are turned off. A small transistor shorting the input and the output turns on and charges the output. This transistor keeps on as long as the VOUT < 150mV. Since this transistor is very small, the current from the input to the output is limited. Once the short at the output is eliminated, this transistor is large enough to charge the output higher than 150mV and then the FAN5607 enters soft start period.
Soft Start
The FAN5602 uses a constant current charging a low pass filter to generate a ramp. The ramp is used as reference voltage during the startup. Since the ramp starts at zero and goes up slowly, the output follows the ramp and therefore inrush current is restricted. When the ramp is higher than bandgap voltage, the bandgap voltage supersedes ramp as reference and the soft start is over. The soft start takes about 500s.
Light Load Operation
The power transistors used in the charge pump are very large in size. The dynamic loss from the switching the power transistors is not small and increases its proportion of the total power consumption as the load gets light. To save power, the FAN5602 switches, when the load is less than 10mA, from
Thermal Shutdown
The FAN5602 will go to thermal shutdown if the junction temperature is over 150C with 15C hysteresis.
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Application Information
Using the FAN5602 to drive LCD backlighting
The FAN5602 4.5 volt option is ideal for driving the backlighting and flash LEDs for any portable device. One FAN5602 device can supply the roughly 150 mA that are needed to power both the backlight and the flash LEDs. Even thought drawing this much current from the FAN5602 will drive the part out of the 3% output regulation, it is not a problem. The backlight and flash LEDs will still be able to produce optimal brightness at the reduced regulation. When building this circuit be sure to use ceramic capacitors with low ESR. Also all capacitors should be placed as close as possible to the FAN5602 in the PCB layout. Below is an example circuit for a backlighting / Flash application.
Vin BATTERY 3.2 to 4.2V 10F
Vout 10F
FOL216CIW
FOL625CIW
FAN5602
50 1F 1F
50
50
50
20
BACKLIGHT
FLASH
Figure 2.
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Mechanical Dimensions
8-Lead MSOP Package
0.118 0.004 [3 0.1]
8
SYMM _ C_
0.1930.004 [4.90.1]
0.1180.004 [30.1] (0.040) TYP [0.41]
1
(0.0256) TYP [0.65]
(0.016) [0.41] TYP (0.0256) TYP [0.65] PCB LAND PATTERN
GAGE PLANE(0.010) [0.25] 0.0070.002 TYP [0.180.05] SEATING PLANE 0.0120.002 TYP _ C_ 0.002[0.05] C D 0.002[0.05] M
AS
0.030 - 0.037 [0.76 - 0.94] 0.002 - 0.006 TYP -
0 -6
ES
msop8 package.EPS
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Mechanical Dimensions
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP Package
2.37 0.15 C 2X 3.0 A 4 B 1
1.42 3.0 (0.65) 5 0.15 C 0.65 TYP 2X 8
1.99 3.30
0.47 TYP
TOP VIEW
1.0 MAX 0.10 C
PCB LAND PATTERN
(0.20) 0.08 C
0.05 0.00
C
SEATING PLANE PIN #1 IDENT 1
0.45 0.20
SIDE VIEW
2.25 MAX.
4
1.30 MAX.
8 0.65 1.95
5 0.25~0.35 O0.10 M C A B O0.05 M C
BOTTOM VIEW
NOTES: A. CONFORMS TO JEDEC REGISTRATION MO-229, VARIATION VEEC, DATED 11/2001 B. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994
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FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Ordering Information
Product Number FAN5602 Package Type 8-Lead MSOP 3x3mm 8-Lead MLP 3x3mm 8-Lead MLP 3x3mm 8-Lead MLP Output Voltage, VNOM 3.3V 3.3V 4.5V 5.0V Order Code FAN5602MU33X FAN5602MP33X FAN5602MP45X FAN5602MP5X
DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. www.fairchildsemi.com
10/7/04 0.0m 001 Stock#DS505602 2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

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